Apparatus for making facial and massage cream



Dec. 4, 1934. l F, s Mpso l I 1,983,319

APPARATUS FOR MAKING FACIAL AND MASSAGE CREAM Original Filed July 18,1929 Eli-' 1" dttomwq Patented Dec. 4, 1934 UNITED STATES H esa-3mAPPARATUS FOR MAKING FACIAL AND MASSAGE CREAM I John French Simpson,Washington, D. 0., as-

signor to Ensemble Manufacturing Company, Inc., Washington, D. 0., acorporation of Dela-= I ware Refiled for abandoned 379,311, July 18,

application Serial No.

This application September 29, 1932, Serial No. 635,466

8 Claims.

This application is filed for the invention disclosed in applicationSerial No. 379,311, filed July 18, 1929, which became abandoned October1, 1932. Referring to the drawing in detail, 1 designates an emulsifiercomposed of the outer receptacle A, inner compartment B, here shown intwo sections 1) and c, propeller C, a shaft D, running from the motor E,and the supporting member F. 2 designates a second emulsifier, shown ofthe same type as the emulsifier 1 except that the part B in the secondemulsifier need not be divided into two sections.

3 is a receptacle or charging tank for the animal hydrous-fat used asthe base and this is provided with a compressor 4 with some means foroperating the same, such as a belt connection 5, pressure gauge 6 andpressure control valve 7. A tank jacket 8 is also provided for the tank3, as well as an inlet 9 and outlet 10 for the circulation of atemperature-controlling medium. A drawoff line 11 runs from the tank 3,discharging into: the top of the emulsifier 1 and the flow is regulatedby a valve 12.

13 designates a storage tank for the feeding of a mixture of water,preservatives and perfume into the emulsifier through the pipe 14controlled by a valve 15. The tank 13 is provided with a jacket 16 for atemperature controlling medium. A tank 17 serves as a storage tank forthe vegetable oil, or mixture of one or more vegetable oils, which tankhas outlets 18 and 19 leading to the emulsifier 2 and the emulsifier 1respectively, and controlled by the valves 20 and 21.

An outlet pipe 22 runs from the emulsifier 1 to the emulsifier 2 andcontrolled by the Valve 23. An outlet pipe 24, controlled by the valve25, runs from the emulsifier 1 directly to a final storage tank 26, andan outlet 27 controlled by a valve 28 as shown, and which pipe 27 runsalsointo the final storage tank 26. The tank 17 is also provided with ajacket 29 regulating the temperature of the material contained therein.

The above apparatus may be either run for 2.

- batch, or a continuous process.

The batch process is as follows:

The upper section b of the inner compartment B of the emulsifier 1 isremoved. Both the sections 17 and c are tubular, of the same :51 size,open at top and bottom to allow circulation down through the same whenthe contents of the mixer rises above the top of the section. From thetank 3 a charge of hydrous animal fat such for instance as tallow or itsequivalent, is let 5,5 into the mixer and because of its viscosity inits commercial form may be forced through the pipe 11 by means of abuilt-up pressure on top of the tank 3, which is a closed tank, andprovided with air compression and relief or release control 7; A smallquantity of glycerine is then added to the mixer as a preservative. Thequantity of animal fact should fill the mixer to about half way up tothe top of the section 0. The propeller C is then started and is rotatedso asto pull the contents from inside the section 0 and send it upbetween said section and the outer Wall A to be circulated over the topof the section 0 and down inside again and again. To the animal fat inthe mixer is then added approximately a like quantity of Water which hasbeen mixed in the tank 13 with a small quantity of borax. When this hasbeen added, the liquid level in the mixer will be above the top of thesection 0 and will circulate as described above. Thus, in a short time,forming a smooth viscous emulsion, the viscosity of which is regue latedby the heating of the materials in their respective charging tanks 3 and13, before introduction into the mixer.

The mixer may also be provided with means for heating, not shown. 8 Tothe contents of the mixer is then added a vegetable oil or a mixture ofone or more vegetable oils such as cotton seed oil and others, which isheated to the desired temperature in the tank 17 and let into the mixerthrough the line 19 and valve 21. The various tanks may be provided withthermometers, not shown, for an obvious purpose. i

In some cases it is more desirable to hydrate the animal fat in themixer 1 with the water, borax, perfume, etc., from the tank 13 and thenlet this mixture feed into the mixer 2 through the line 22 and the valve23 and be emulsified in the mixer 2 with the vegetable oil contents ofthe tank 17 let into the mixer simultaneously through the line 18 andthe valve 20. The finished product goes through the line 24 or 27 to atank 26 from where it is put into jars for the market.

The continuous process is as follows: 10

A batch is made up as above described in the mixer 1 and the section bis fastened in place. By the addition of section b to section 0 of theinner compartment upon completion of the initial emulsion batch, thedevice is thus brought to assembly to carry out an operation in the continuous phase for the production of my stable, homogeneous emulsion. Bythus lengthening the inner compartment, the necessary correlationbetween the density and change in viscosity of material during workingis taken care of. In other words, in such continuous operation, thedepth of circulating body must be proportional to the cross sectionalarea of the container, and by thus altering the length of the innercompartment during such operation, this necessary relationship isassured. Valves 21, 15 and 12 are opened and so regulated as to allowthe proper amount of the three mixtures or materials to flow per minuteas Will be their respective proportions in the final product. As thesestreams are fed to the mixer a like quantity of the finished product isdrawn off through the outlet line 24, controlled by the valve 25, andpassed to the tank 26.

It is well known in practice to take a mineral oil, like petroleum jellyand mix it with the same, quantities of vegetable oil or oils, but suchmixture is not an emulsion and such preservatives as benzoate of sodaand others which are harmful to the skin, are necessary, and although itmay be desirable to use harmless preservatives it is prohibitive in suchmixtures because they will not properly mix and form a smooth,homogeneous and solid enough product.

In my process, all such difiiculties are eliminated and because the baseproduct is in itself an emulsion of water and animal fat, and not amineral oil, other materials of almost any nature, such as water,materials soluble in water, oils, greases, etc., may be emulsified intothis emulsion as a base and when properly added will form a mostdesirable facial and massage cream substantially as described.

The process carried out by the apparatus hereinbefore describedinvolves, broadly, the emulsificatlon of an animal fat, and subsequentadmixing therewith of a vegetable oil and forming a secondemulsification.

It also contemplates the successive steps of emulsifying an animal fator fats and subjecting the same to subsequent treatment in the presenceof a non-animal fat.

In View of the invention and disclosure herein made, variations andmodifications to meet individual whim or particular need will doubtlessbecome evident to others skilled in the art, to obtain part or all ofthe benefits of my invention, without copying the structure shown, orthe process outlined, and I therefore claim all such insofar as theyfall within the reasonable spirit and scope of the invention hereindisclosed.

I claim as my invention:

1. In an apparatus for making massage cream, the combination with twoemulsifiers, of supply tanks for the different ingredients, means forregulating the temperature of the ingredients in the supply tanks, meansfor regulated feeding from certain supply tanks to the first emulsifier,means for regulated feeding from other supply tank or tanks, to thesecond emulsifier, means for regulated feeding from the first emulsifierto the sec 0nd, and means for drawing off the finished product from thesecond emulsifier.

2. In an apparatus for making massage cream, two emulsifiers, supplytanks for different ingredients, means for supplying emulsified materialfrom one of said emulsifiers to the other, means for regulating thetemperature of the ingredients in the supply tanks, means for regulatedfeeding from the supply tanks to the emulsifiers, and means for drawingoff the emulsion from the emulsifier, each of said emulsifiers having aninner tube to induce circulation.

3. In an apparatus for making massage cream,

etc., two emulsifiers, each with an inner tubular member to inducecirculation, the said member in one of the emulsifiers being in tubularsections, a source of supply for each emulsifier, and an outlet from oneemulsifier to the other.

l. In an apparatus for making massage cream, etc., a multiplicity ofemulsifiers, one of which is provided with an inner member serving toinduce circulation, means for feeding ingredients individually to eachemulsifier, means for feeding emulsified material from one of saidemulsifiers to the other, means within one of the emulsifiers forinducing circulation, and means for regulating the temperature of theingredients before the same are introduced into the emul- 5. In anapparatus for making massage cream, the combination with twoemulsifiers, of supply tanks for the different ingredients, means forregulating the temperature of the ingredients in said supply tanks, anadditional supply tank, means for regulated feeding from the first namedsupply tanks to the first named emulsifier, and means for regulatedfeeding from the last named tank to the first named emulsifier.

6. An apparatus for the continuous manufacture of stable emulsions ofskin creams which comprises, a container into which a batch of materialsto be emulsified is initially introduced, an open-ended cylindervertically disposed within said container in spaced relation to thewalls and base of the container, said cylinder comprising a plurality ofseparable sections one of which is removed when the initial batch ofmaterial is introduced, means disposed within said container forproducing agitation of said materials, means associated with said lattermeans for forcing said materials upwardly between the cylinder and wallsof the container and downwardly through said cylinder whereby to producea directional cyclic circulation, said removed section of the cylinderbeing replaced after the initial batch has been emulsified, means forthereafter continuously feeding materials to said container to beemulsified, and means for removing the emulsified product atsubstantially the same rate as the raw materials are charged to thecontainer.

'7. An apparatus for the continuous manufacture of stable emulsions ofskin creams which comprises, a container into which a batch of materialsto be emulsified is initially introduced, an open-ended cylindervertically disposed within said container in spaced relation to thewalls and base of the container, said cylinder comprising a plurality ofseparable sections one of which is removed when the initial batch ofmaterial is introduced, means disposed within said container forproducing agitation of said materials, means associated with said lattermeans for forcing said materials upwardly between the cylinder and wallsof the container and downwardly through said cylinder whereby to producea directional cyclic circulation, said removed section of the cylinderbeing replaced after the initial batch has been emulsified, means forthereafter con tinuously feeding materials to said container to beemulsified, comprising a plurality of valved raw material charging pipesleading into said con tainer, and a valved discharge pipe connected tothe container Wall for continuously removing the emulsified product atsubstantially the same rate as the raw materials are charged to thecon-.

tainer.

8. An apparatus for the continuous manufac-,j ture of stable emulsionsofskin creams which comprises, a container into which a batch ofmaterials to be emulsified is initially introduced, an open-endedcylinder vertically disposed within said container in spaced relation tothe walls and base of the container, said cylinder comprising aplurality of separable sections one of which is removed when the initialbatch of material is introduced, means disposed within said containerfor producing agitation of said materials, means associated with saidlatter means for forcing said materials upwardly between the cylinderand walls of the container and downwardly through said cylinder wherebyto produce a directional cyclic circulation, said removed section of thecylinder being replaced after the initial batch has been emulsified,means for there after continuously feeding materials to said containerto be emulsified, a plurality of supply tanks for the raw materials tobe emulsified, a plurality of raw material valved charging pipes leadingfrom said plurality of supply tanks into said container, a valveddischarge pipe connected to the container Wall for continuously removingthe emulsified product at substantially the same rate as the rawmaterials are continuously charged to the emulsifier, and meansindividual to each supply tank for regulating the temperature of the rawmaterials contained therein.

JOHN FRENCH SIMPSON.

